25 march 2025

La glossite : symptômes, causes et traitements

gencives se rétractent solution

La glossite, ce n’est pas un terme que l’on entend tous les jours… Pourtant cette inflammation de la langue peut vraiment être gênante au quotidien. Elle peut compliquer la parole, l’alimentation, et même le sommeil. On vous explique ce qu’est la glossite, comment reconnaître ses symptômes, les symptômes à identifier, les causes possibles, et surtout comment la traiter efficacement.

❗️Important : Cet article est informatif et ne remplace en aucun cas un diagnostic ou un avis médical. Consultez un professionnel de santé en cas de doute.

Qu'est-ce que la glossite ?


La glossite se caractérise par une inflammation de la langue, souvent identifiable par un gonflement, une rougeur, et parfois une sensation de brûlure ou de picotement. La langue peut aussi sembler plus lisse, avec moins de papilles gustatives. Ce trouble n'est pas une maladie en soi, mais plutôt un indicateur d'un déséquilibre ou d'un problème de santé sous-jacent. Analyser la cause devient ainsi important pour éviter toute potentielle complication. 

Les différents types de glossite

Il existe plusieurs types de glossite, chacun ayant ses propres causes. Certaines formes sont légères et passagères, tandis que d'autres peuvent signaler un souci de santé plus important. Découvrons ensemble les principaux types. 🔎

Glossite de Hunter

Souvent liée à un manque de vitamine B12, cette condition se manifeste par une langue d'un rouge vif, douloureuse et lisse, comme si elle était polie. Souvent constatée chez les personnes atteintes d'anémie pernicieuse, cette glossite peut s'accompagner d'une fatigue générale ou de problèmes neurologiques si la carence est sévère. 

Glossite herpétique

Elle est causée par le virus de l'herpès simplex et se présente sous forme de petites vésicules ou ulcérations douloureuses sur la langue. Parfois, cela s'accompagne de fièvre et d'un malaise général. Cette forme est plus courante chez les enfants ou les adultes dont le système immunitaire est affaibli.

Glossite losangique médiane

Elle se présente par une zone rouge et lisse au centre de la langue, généralement de forme ovale ou de losange. Cette glossite est parfois liée à une infection fongique chronique, telle qu'une candidose buccale. Elle peut passer inaperçue ou causer une légère gêne lors de la déglutition.

Glossite exfoliatrice marginée

Également nommée langue géographique, elle se caractérise par des zones rouges sans papilles, avec parfois des bords blanchâtres, qui changent de position au fil du temps. Bien qu'elle soit inoffensive et non transmissible, elle peut causer des sensations de brûlure, surtout lors de la consommation d'aliments épicés ou acides. 🌶️

Symptômes d'une glossite sur la langue

Selon sa cause, la glossite peut se manifester de manière discrète ou vraiment gênante. Les symptômes touchent principalement la langue, mais peuvent aussi influencer la façon dont on parle, mange, et même notre bien-être général. Voici quelques signes à surveiller :

  • Une sensation de brûlure ou de picotement, surtout pendant les repas.

  • Rougeur, gonflement ou impression d'avoir la langue enflée.

  • Langue lisse, avec une perte visible des papilles gustatives.

  • Douleur en avalant, ou en mangeant des aliments acides, chauds ou épicés.

  • Légère fièvre, fatigue ou difficulté à parler, dans les cas plus avancés.


Si vous présentez l’un ou plusieurs de ces symptômes, ne tirez pas de conclusion hâtive. Seul un professionnel peut poser un diagnostic fiable.

Les causes de la glossite

Les maladies associées à la glossite

Certaines maladies chroniques comme le diabète, le lichen plan ou des affections auto-immunes (comme le lupus, le syndrome de Sjögren) peuvent favoriser le développement d'une glossite en perturbant le bon fonctionnement du système immunitaire.

Les carences nutritionnelles

Un manque de fer, ou de vitamines B2, B3, B9 ou B12 est souvent en cause. Une alimentation déséquilibrée ou des problèmes d'absorption intestinale peuvent aussi jouer un rôle. L'alimentation joue donc un rôle crucial. Une étude parue dans The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition révèle que jusqu’à 28 % des patients présentant une carence sévère en vitamine B12 souffrent de glossite.

Les allergènes et irritants

Des réactions allergiques à certains aliments, bains de bouche, dentifrices ou additifs peuvent provoquer une inflammation de la langue. Des irritations mécaniques (comme une prothèse mal ajustée par exemple) sont également possibles.

Alcool et tabac 🚭

Ils agressent la muqueuse buccale et favorisent les inflammations, voire les infections. Leur usage répété peut altérer la régénération cellulaire et affaiblir les défenses locales.

Autres causes

Des infections bactériennes, fongiques (comme le muguet) ou virales peuvent aussi être responsables d'une glossite. Parfois, il est difficile de déterminer la cause sans examens complémentaires. D'où l'importance de consulter !

Combien de temps dure une glossite ?

La durée d’une glossite est étroitement liée à sa cause. S’il s’agit seulement d’une irritation passagère, elle peut disparaître en quelques jours, surtout si l’irritant est rapidement éliminé. Par contre, si la glossite est due à un manque de nutriments, une infection ou une maladie chronique, elle peut s’installer plus longtemps, voire réapparaître régulièrement. Dans ces cas-là, votre langue retrouvera son état normal une fois que la cause sera identifiée et bien traitée.

C’est pourquoi il est crucial de ne pas laisser les symptômes persister trop longtemps et de consulter un professionnel de santé en cas de doute.

Comment soigner une glossite ?

La gestion dépend principalement de la cause. Parfois, de simples gestes suffisent, et dans d'autres situations, un traitement médical est requis.

Les traitements médicaux

Selon l'origine du problème, plusieurs traitements peuvent être recommandés :

  • Carence : apport en fer ou en vitamines (B2, B12…).

  • Infection : antifongiques, antibiotiques ou antiviraux selon ce qui est le plus adapté.

  • Allergie ou irritation : on élimine ce qui déclenche le problème, ainsi qu'un traitement local si besoin.

  • Maladie chronique : suivi régulier avec un professionnel de santé est impératif.

⚠️ N’initiez jamais un traitement (antibiotique, antifongique ou complément) sans prescription médicale. Certaines formes de glossite nécessitent un suivi spécialisé.

Comment soigner une glossite ?

Pour faciliter la guérison, il y a plusieurs recommandations à suivre :

  • Évitez les aliments irritants (épicés, acides, très chauds).

  • Maintenez une bonne hygiène buccale avec des produits doux.

  • Buvez beaucoup d'eau et suivez les conseils de votre médecin ou dentiste.

La glossite disparaît souvent en quelques jours si la cause est bénigne. Dans d'autres cas, elle peut durer plus longtemps. On vous conseille la lecture de cet article de l’OMS sur l’usage de traitements contre la glossite. 

Les bonnes pratiques de prévention

Voici quelques habitudes simples, mais bénéfiques :

  • Adopter une alimentation variée et riche en nutriments.

  • Réduire la consommation d'alcool et de tabac.

  • Utiliser un dentifrice non irritant.

  • Consultez votre dentiste en cas de gêne persistante ou récurrente. 

Foire aux questions (FAQ) 📌

Quelle est la cause de la glossite ?

Elle peut être due à une infection, un manque de fer ou de vitamines, une maladie chronique, ou même à certains aliments ou dentifrices qui peuvent irriter. 

Comment guérir d’une glossite ?

En s'attaquant à la cause : des médicaments si besoin, une alimentation adaptée, une hygiène buccale douce et en évitant les irritants.

Quel antibiotique pour une glossite ?

Un antibiotique est nécessaire uniquement si la glossite est causée par des bactéries, et il doit être prescrit par un dentiste.

Comment savoir si j’ai une infection sur la langue ?

Soyez attentif à des symptômes comme la douleur, la rougeur, le gonflement, la fièvre, les plaies ou une sensation de brûlure.

Un professionnel de santé est le seul à pouvoir déterminer la cause exacte de votre glossite et proposer un traitement adapté. N’attendez pas si les symptômes persistent ou s’aggravent.

Looking for the perfect toothbrush?

Say goodbye to bleeding gums and other gum problems thanks to MyVariations' 5 different brushing modes that adapt to your sensitivity! 🖐

filter_Onyx-Black
Electric Toothbrush
From €64,04 €74,90
Shop

Other products that may interest you ...

Image to render
21 march 2025
Quel est le meilleur dentifrice pour dents sensibles ?
Dans cet article, on vous livre tous nos conseils pour choisir le meilleur dentifrice possible
Image to render
18 march 2025
Comment choisir son dentifrice?
Choisir le dentifrice parfait peut paraître insignifiant, mais c'est pourtant une étape cruciale pour maintenir une bonne santé bucco-dentaire. Avec tant d'options disponibles, il peut être compliqué de s'y retrouver. Avec ou sans fluor, pour dents sensibles ou pour blanchir... Des questions importantes auxquelles on va répondre.
Image to render
18 march 2025
Les dents de bébé : quand et comment les brosser ?
Une hygiène bucco-dentaire appropriée dès le plus jeune âge aide à prévenir les caries et à établir une routine saine qui accompagnera l'enfant tout au long de sa vie. Alors, à partir de quel âge faut-il brosser les dents de bébé avec du dentifrice ?
Image to render
18 march 2025
How to have white teeth?
Do you want your smile to be even brighter and your teeth whiter? Find out how in this article!
Image to render
07 march 2025
Bleeding gums: how to avoid them?
How to avoid bleeding gums?
Image to render
06 march 2025
Tooth loosening and rolling back of the gums at the level of the tooth: what treatment?
Receding gums and dental loosening, know what treatment to apply!
Image to render
28 february 2025
Tout savoir sur le tartre sous-gingival : causes, traitement et prévention
Qu'est ce que le tartre sous-gingival? Quelles en sont les causes et comment y remédier? On vous dit tout sur le sujet
Image to render
28 february 2025
Tout savoir sur le tartre supra-gingival : causes, prévention et traitements
Qu'est ce que le tartre supra-gingival? Quelles sont les causes de son apparition? Comment le prévenir et comment le traiter?
Image to render
28 february 2025
Abcès périapical : causes, symptômes, traitements et prévention
Qu'est ce qu'un abcès périapical? Quelles en sont les causes, les symptomes et comment les traiter?
Image to render
22 february 2025
Comment soulager et soigner naturellement la douleur des gencives : guide complet
Guide complet pour identifier, traiter et soulager des douleurs aux gencives
Image to render
21 february 2025
Brossettes interdentaires : avantages, dangers et bonnes pratiques
Retrouvez les conseils, les avantages et les dangers de la brossette interdentaire
Image to render
09 january 2025
How to remove dental plaque and tartar?
We explain how to eliminate dental plaque and tartar!
Image to render
04 january 2025
I have a hole in my gum, what should I do?
Black tartar on gums: causes, risks and effective treatments.
Image to render
04 january 2025
Brown teeth: what are these brown spots due to?
Do you have one or more brown teeth? discover the reasons for this phenomenon and how to overcome it
Image to render
23 december 2024
Irritated gums: causes, treatments and prevention
Discover the causes of irritated gums, the symptoms to watch out for and solutions to soothe inflammation and regain optimal oral health.
Image to render
13 december 2024
Swollen gums: cause, treatment and natural remedies!
Swelling, pain, redness... Find out what to do in case of swollen gums!
Image to render
11 november 2024
What to do in case of dental abscess?
Discover the causes, symptoms and treatments of gum abscesses. Learn how to relieve pain and when to see a dentist for quick healing.
Image to render
20 october 2024
Image to render
12 october 2024
Tooth enamel: All you need to know about its importance, health and protection
Would you like to know more about tooth enamel? Learn everything you need to know about this amazing compound, its importance, and how to care for it!
Image to render
13 august 2024
Oral Leukoplakia – Causes, Symptoms and Treatment
Do you notice grayish patches on your gums, inner cheeks, tongue or palate? You may be suffering from oral leukoplakia...
Image to render
12 august 2024
Recognizing the Symptoms of Gingivitis: A Complete Guide to Optimal Oral Health
Do you think you have gingivitis but aren't entirely sure? Read this article to know all the symptoms of gingivitis!
Image to render
12 august 2024
Dental Erosion: Causes, Symptoms and Prevention Strategies
Do you notice wear on your teeth? We tell you everything you need to know about dental erosion!
Image to render
30 july 2024
Oral candidiasis or oral thrush: symptoms, causes and treatment?
Do you think you have oral thrush, also called oral candidiasis?
Discover the causes and possible treatments!
Image to render
29 july 2024
Brushing your teeth: how long does it take to be really effective?
How long does it take to brush your teeth properly? We tell you everything!
Image to render
19 june 2024
White tongue in children: causes, symptoms and solutions
If your child has a white tongue, don't panic right away, know the possible causes of this phenomenon!
Image to render
08 june 2024
Dental cellulite: symptoms, causes, treatments and prevention
Do you feel pain in your jaw or face, swelling or redness? You may be a victim of dental cellulite! Learn more...
Image to render
08 june 2024
Gum abscess: symptoms, causes, treatments, we tell you everything!
Gum abscesses must be taken seriously! Find out more in this article!
Image to render
08 june 2024
Gum infection: understand and act
Are your gums inflamed? Are you hurting? You may have a gum infection!
Image to render
03 may 2024
Preventing stomatitis: tips and prevention techniques
Do you have pain, redness, swelling or even sores in your mouth? You may be suffering from stomatitis! Learn how to prevent it with this article!
Image to render
03 may 2024
How to remove tartar from braces?
Tartar can quickly build up in dental appliances. Know how to avoid this, and the gingivitis it could cause!
Image to render
17 april 2024
Electric toothbrush from what age?
Does your little wolf ask for an electric toothbrush? Know what to say to him!
Image to render
05 april 2024
At what age can my child use an electric toothbrush?
Your children's teeth need special care! Find out which ones in this article!
Image to render
29 february 2024
Gum recession: causes and treatments
Do you notice a reduction in the surface area of ​​your gums? You may be a victim of gum recession!
Image to render
09 february 2024
Gum inflammation: causes, symptoms and treatment
Do you have pain in your gums or notice redness? She may be inflamed! Learn the causes, symptoms and treatments for this common problem!
Image to render
04 february 2024
What type of bristles should you choose for your toothbrush?
Hard, medium or soft bristles for your toothbrush? We tell you everything!
Image to render
05 january 2024
Contraindications for sonic toothbrushes? Things to know
Are you wondering if sonic toothbrushes are right for your needs? We answer you in this article!
Image to render
04 january 2024
Oral infection: understanding, identifying and treating mouth infections
Oral infections, caused by bacteria, viruses or fungi, can affect the teeth, gums and mucous membranes. They manifest as pain, swelling, bleeding and bad breath. Early diagnosis is essential for appropriate treatment, including oral hygiene, antibiotics or antifungals. Regular visits to the dentist help prevent these infections.
Image to render
02 january 2024
How to choose your electric toothbrush?
You want to switch to the electric toothbrush but you don't know what to choose? We explain to you!
Image to render
21 december 2023
Interdental cleaning for optimal oral health
Become an expert in interdental cleaning, the key to a truly clean mouth!
Image to render
15 december 2023
Electric or manual toothbrush: how to choose?
Are you hesitating to switch to an electric toothbrush?
We explain to you what the differences are compared to a manual brush!
Image to render
24 november 2023
White spot on the gums: Causes and treatments
Have you noticed a white spot on your gums? Find out now what it is thanks to this article!
Image to render
12 november 2023
How to recognize periodontitis from gingivitis?
Your gums make you suffer but you don't know if it's gingivitis or periodontitis? MyVariations helps you see things more clearly!
Image to render
09 november 2023
Gum pain: how to treat painful gums and find a healthy mouth?
Do you have gum pain? Find out what the cause is and what treatment to adopt!
Image to render
09 november 2023
Electric toothbrushes: rather rotary or sonic technology?
Should we favor an oscillating-rotating electric toothbrush, or a sonic one? We help you make your choice!
Image to render
28 september 2023
Ultimate guide to using an interdental brush for impeccable hygiene.
Here's a summary of everything you need to know about interdental brushes!
Image to render
Santé dentaire 11 september 2023
How to recognize normal gums and keep them healthy?
We tell you everything you need to know about normal, healthy gums and how to preserve their health!
Image to render
04 september 2023
Canker sores on the gums: Causes, prevention and effective treatments
Do you have a canker sore on your gums? Learn what factors can cause these painful lesions, and how to treat them!
Image to render
08 august 2023
Mouth ulcer: causes and treatment!
Do you often have mouth ulcers and don't know where it can come from or how to treat them? We will explain everything to you !
Image to render
31 july 2023
Keeping gums healthy: practical tips and techniques
We give you the keys to keeping healthy gums and taking care of your oral and gingival health in this article!
Image to render
25 july 2023
Everything you need to know about gray teeth: causes, treatment and prevention
Do you have one or more gray teeth and you don't know how to fix it? This article will teach you more about this phenomenon and its solutions!
Image to render
17 july 2023
Gingival abscess: causes and solutions
Do you have a very bad gum and you are afraid that it is an abscess? Learn more about this pathology, its causes and its solutions!
Image to render
21 june 2023
How to Brush Your Teeth Properly: A Step-by-Step Guide to Optimal Oral Hygiene
Be sure to use the right technique for brushing your teeth with this detailed article!
Image to render
14 june 2023
Pimples on the Gum: Causes, Symptoms, Treatments and Prevention
Have you noticed one or more pimples on your gums? Discover in this article what are the causes and remedies!
Image to render
31 may 2023
Xerostomia: Causes, Consequences and Treatments for Optimal Oral Health
Do you very often have dry mouth and don't know where it comes from? Let us tell you more about this common concern!
Image to render
30 may 2023
Periodontitis, foods to avoid
Did you know that you could reduce the risk of periodontitis by adapting your diet? We tell you more here!
Image to render
15 may 2023
Teeth scaling to do at home, a bad idea
Have you thought about trying to do a descaling yourself at home? Find out here the reasons why this is really not a good idea!
Image to render
20 april 2023
Rotten tooth: causes, treatments and prevention!
Do you have one or more rotten teeth? Know how to identify the causes of such a situation, and learn how to deal with it!
Image to render
02 april 2023
White spot on the tooth: cause and solution
Are you complexed by white spots on your teeth? Finally, discover the causes and solutions!
Image to render
16 march 2023
Black dental tartar on the gum: cause and treatment
Do you have black tartar on your gums? Learn what causes it and find the right treatment!
Image to render
02 march 2023
How to strengthen your gums?
Do you have sensitive gums and are you tired of suffering from them? Learn how to strengthen your gums!
Image to render
22 february 2023
How to have fresh breath? Our advices !
Is your bad breath making you uncomfortable? Here are our tips to fix it!
Image to render
14 february 2023
Acidity in the mouth: causes and treatment
Do you have an acidic and unpleasant sensation in your mouth? Find out what could be the causes!
Image to render
07 february 2023
Receding gums, what to do?
Are your gums receding and this rolling up worries you? Learn more with this article!
Image to render
31 january 2023
Black teeth: causes, risks and treatment
Have you noticed that one or more of your teeth are black? Learn more about the causes and treatments of this phenomenon!
Image to render
31 january 2023
Teeth sensitive to sugar: adopt the right gestures!
Do you love sweets but your teeth hurt when you crave a chocolate tile? Discover the solutions to reduce the sensitivity of your teeth to sugar!
Image to render
03 january 2023
Hydrogen peroxide for teeth and gums?
You have probably already heard of the use of hydrogen peroxide on the teeth, in particular for the purpose of whitening them... Learn more about the functions and the dangers of this product!
Image to render
18 december 2022
White or coated tongue: causes and treatments

Does your tongue have an unusual white color?
Find out what the causes may be and what treatments to adopt!

Image to render
06 december 2022
Bacteria in the mouth: what impact on our dental health?

Learn more about the bacteria that populate your mouth!

Image to render
05 december 2022
Sore mouth and stress, what relationship?
Do you have a toothache or mouthache when you are stressed?
Find out why and what to do!
Image to render
30 november 2022
Black gums, what causes and treatments?
Your gums are blackening? Learn more about what "black gum" is!
Image to render
20 november 2022
Teeth sensitive to cold and hot, what to do?

Do your teeth make you suffer as soon as they are exposed to cold temperatures, or on the contrary, very hot?

Discover the causes and solutions of this phenomenon in this article!

Image to render
02 november 2022
How to properly brush your teeth?
Want to make sure you brush your teeth the right way? Then this article is made for you !
Image to render
26 october 2022
Tooth sensitive to touch, how to relieve the pain?
One of your teeth is causing you pain? Learn how to ease the pain!
Image to render
25 october 2022
White gums: advice and treatment
If you have noticed whitening in your gums, this article is for you! Discover the causes and solutions of this phenomenon!
Image to render
19 october 2022
Red gums: inflammation, gingivitis, what about?

Do you have red gums? It could be gingivitis!
Learn more about this phenomenon in this article!

Image to render
12 october 2022
How to choose your mouthwash to fight against bad breath?
Learn more about mouthwashes and other solutions to fight against bad breath!
Image to render
05 october 2022
Yellow teeth what to do? Tips and Advice
Do you think your teeth are yellow? MyVariations tells you more about this common problem!
Image to render
05 october 2022
Black line on the tooth: what treatment?
Learn more about the causes and possible solutions for black lines on teeth!
Image to render
05 october 2022
What are the benefits of an electric toothbrush?
Zoom on the many beneficial effects of electric toothbrushes!
Image to render
28 september 2022
How to remove brown spots on teeth?
Brown spots appear on one or more of your teeth? Know how to react!
Image to render
11 september 2022
Black furrow on the tooth: what treatment?
Have you seen a black furrow appear on one of your teeth, and it ruins your smile?
It's time to know what to do!
Image to render
30 august 2022
Hydrogen peroxide for teeth: our advice
How and why to use hydrogen peroxide to whiten teeth? What are the risks ? We tell you everything!
Image to render
09 august 2022
Electric toothbrush and toothbrush removal: a danger for sensitive gums?
Is there a link between the use of an electric toothbrush and dental loosening? MyVariations answers you!
Image to render
22 june 2022
Used toothbrushes: waste that poses recycling concerns...
How to limit the impact of plastic toothbrushes on the planet? We explain to you!
Image to render
19 june 2022
Brushing the tongue with a tongue scraper or a brush: false good idea?
Can tongue brushing be harmful to our oral health? We explain everything about this practice that is debated among dentists!
Image to render
21 april 2022
Mouthwash: how to choose it well?
Find out what type of mouthwash is right for you!
Image to render
07 april 2022
Xerostomia: what to do against dry mouth?
Do you have permanent dry mouth? Find out what xerostomia is and how to treat it!
Image to render
31 march 2022
Dental floss or interdental brushes: which to choose?
Rather floss or interdental brushes to complete your toothbrushing? MyVariations has compared them for you!
Image to render
22 march 2022
Is fluoride good for our teeth?
Subject to controversy, is fluoride good or bad for our health? We explain to you!
Image to render
17 march 2022
Brushing teeth in 10 seconds: a utopia?
A good brushing of teeth in 10 seconds... Too good to be true? We tell you everything!
Image to render
09 march 2022
Sensitive gums: gingivitis, pain when brushing... What to do?
Swelling, pain, tingling, bleeding when brushing... Here are our tips if you have sensitive gums!
Image to render
07 march 2022
Teeth grinding: all you need to know about bruxism!
Do you or your partner cringe? We have listed the solutions against bruxism!
Image to render
02 march 2022
Toothache, what to do?
Do you suffer from toothache? Discover how to relieve and treat them!
Image to render
16 february 2022
How to choose the right toothpaste?
What type of toothpaste should I choose?
Image to render
26 january 2022
How to avoid cavities?

If you want to know everything about cavities, this article is for you!

Image to render
18 january 2022
Oral health: Origin of halitosis and treatments for bad breath
How to avoid bad breath ?
We give you all our advice to fight against halitosis problems!
Image to render
01 january 2022
5 good resolutions to take care of your teeth in 2022
The 5 good resolutions to take care of your teeth in 2022
Image to render
03 september 2021
Why we decided to work with an association to ship your orders
Discover the reasons that led us to make this choice!
Image to render
23 august 2021
Why we decided to create a brand of electric toothbrushes.
Find out what motivated us to get started!
Image to render
22 february 2021
The 6 golden rules for good dental hygiene.
The 6 rules to know to have an irreproachable dental hygiene.